Tools for the transcription of Portuguese prosody
Phrasing
Intonational Phrase
The Intonational Phrase (IP) groups all adjacent PhPs within a root sentence; PhPs in a string not structurally attached to the sentence tree form an independent IP on their own (for example, parenthetical phrases, explicative phrases/clauses, tags, vocatives, topics). IPs are constrained by weight conditions: long phrases tend to be divided, balanced phrases or the longest phrase in the rightmost position are preferred. Importantly, short IPs are usually not demoted to PhPs but form a Compound IP-domain with an adjacent IP (especially in EP varieties), or retain their IP status. The IP is the prosodic constituent that constitutes the domain for the intonation contour, in other words it necessarily contains one and only one nuclear contour. By default, nuclear prominence is rightmost within the IP.
In P-ToBI, an Intonational Phrase break corresponds to level 4 (the highest level) in the break index tier.
Short IPs are not demoted to PhPs but they may form a Compound IP-domain with an adjacent IP.
If compound phrasing of IPs obtains, sandhi phenomena (such as Fricative Voicing) applies throughout any of the IPs and all the IP right-edges are marked by lengthening as well as by the presence of a boundary tone. The inner IP right-edge is different from the outer IP edge simply due to the degree of final lengthening and the magnitude of pitch range. Thus, the difference in realization between the inner and outer edges of compound IP is a gradient one, expressed by the phonetic strenght of the same types of cues, and not by a difference in the type of cues that signal the two phrases.
In P-ToBI, any intonational Phrase break, whether Compound IP phrasing obtains or not, is signaled by level 4. As a phonetic annotation, the diacritic 'min' may be added to the break index 4 marking the inner edge of a compound IP, if relevant to the purposes of the annotation. Alternatively, the diacritic may be included in an optional phonetic tier (see Conventions).
On compound IPs in Portuguese, see Frota (2000, 2002, 2014), Cruz (2013), Barros (2014).
Intonational Phrase
The Intonational Phrase (IP) groups all adjacent PhPs within a root sentence; PhPs in a string not structurally attached to the sentence tree form an independent IP on their own (for example, parenthetical phrases, explicative phrases/clauses, tags, vocatives, topics). IPs are constrained by weight conditions: long phrases tend to be divided, balanced phrases or the longest phrase in the rightmost position are preferred. Importantly, short IPs are usually not demoted to PhPs but form a Compound IP-domain with an adjacent IP (especially in EP varieties), or retain their IP status. The IP is the prosodic constituent that constitutes the domain for the intonation contour, in other words it necessarily contains one and only one nuclear contour. By default, nuclear prominence is rightmost within the IP.
In P-ToBI, an Intonational Phrase break corresponds to level 4 (the highest level) in the break index tier.
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Task: Reading Task Semantic interpretation: Broad-focus statement Variety: Braga (Northern European Portuguese) Utterance: A nora loura falava do namorado. Translation: The blonde-haired daughter-in-law spoked about boyfriend. |
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Task: Reading Task
Semantic interpretation: Broad-focus statement Variety: Albufeira (Algarve) Utterance: As alunas estrangeiras nos Açores, até onde sabemos, aceitaram vir. Translation: The foreing students in Azores, as far as we know, have agreed to come. |
Short IPs are not demoted to PhPs but they may form a Compound IP-domain with an adjacent IP.
If compound phrasing of IPs obtains, sandhi phenomena (such as Fricative Voicing) applies throughout any of the IPs and all the IP right-edges are marked by lengthening as well as by the presence of a boundary tone. The inner IP right-edge is different from the outer IP edge simply due to the degree of final lengthening and the magnitude of pitch range. Thus, the difference in realization between the inner and outer edges of compound IP is a gradient one, expressed by the phonetic strenght of the same types of cues, and not by a difference in the type of cues that signal the two phrases.
In P-ToBI, any intonational Phrase break, whether Compound IP phrasing obtains or not, is signaled by level 4. As a phonetic annotation, the diacritic 'min' may be added to the break index 4 marking the inner edge of a compound IP, if relevant to the purposes of the annotation. Alternatively, the diacritic may be included in an optional phonetic tier (see Conventions).
On compound IPs in Portuguese, see Frota (2000, 2002, 2014), Cruz (2013), Barros (2014).
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 (PTDC/CLE-LIN/119787/2010) |
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